基于PHP的运行环境大家用的比较多的是以apache做中间件的LAMP（linux+apache+mysql+php）环境和以nginx做中间件的LNMP(linux+nginx+mysql+php)环境，apache是世界排名第一的web服务器，apache可以整合大多数应用,比如jsp,php,cgi,python等等,但是apache过于臃肿以及对静态文件响应过于缓慢是让人很不满意的；而nginx作为后起之秀，大有超越前辈的势头，从最近很多门户网站选用nginx就可见一斑，nginx速度快，占用资源少,高性能转发，很高的稳定性,支持热部署，杀手级的proxy和rewrite，但nginx对于php处理依托于fastcgi,fastcgi不够稳定,经常出现502错误,生成相对复杂的页面没有优势,反而会使php-cgi进程变为僵尸进程,多用户多站点的安全性不高，对于其它开发语言的整合，apache表现的更好；综上述对比，为了搭建高性能的php运行环境，就要考虑对apache、nginx进行整合，各取所长，nginx在处理静态内容上的效率较apache强很大，那么就用nginx在前端处理静态文件，把基于php的动态文件转发到后端的apache来处理，接下来我们就开始布署LNAMP（linux+nginx+apache+mysql+php）环境

一、网络拓扑:

lvs-master: 192.168.9.221

LVS-backup: 192.168.9.222 LVS-VIP: 192.168.9.220

web_server_1: 192.168.9.223

web_server_2: 192.168.9.224 nfs_server_1: 192.168.9.228 nfs_server_1: 192.168.9.229 nfs_vip: 192.168.9.230 mysql_master: 192.168.9.226 mysql_backup: 192.168.9.227 mysql_vip: 192.168.9.225

目的：搭建高可用、高性能的php集群

二、初始化系统

#init system 系统环境: CentOS 5.5 (最小化安装)

./init_system.sh    #此脚本参见

#更新组件

sudo -s LANG=C yum -y install gcc gcc-c++ bison patch unzip mlocate flex wget automake autoconf gd cpp gettext readline-devel libjpeg \ libjpeg-devel libpng libpng-devel freetype freetype-devel libxml2 libxml2-devel zlib zlib-devel glibc glibc-devel glib2 \ glib2-devel bzip2 bzip2-devel ncurses ncurses-devel curl curl-devel e2fsprogs e2fsprogs-devel libidn libidn-devel openldap \ openldap-devel openldap-clients openldap-servers nss_ldap expat-devel libtool libtool-ltdl-devel bison

三、LVS+keeplived

#关于LVS+keeplived的配置请参考我的另一篇博文《CentOS5.5环境下布署LVS+keepalived 》

四、web_server安装配置（nginx、apache整合）

#download software cd /opt wget wget wget wget wget #rpaf模块,该模块用于apache做后端时获取访客真实的IP wget #字符转换库libiconv wget wget wget wget wget #php5-mail-header.patch为php被丁，有助于防止邮件发送被滥用 wget #PHP的memcache扩展 wget #eaccelerator加速 wget wget ftp://ftp.p_w_picpathmagick.org/pub/ImageMagick/ImageMagick.tar.bz2 #PHP的imagick扩展 wget #Suhosin是一个PHP程序的保护系统 wget wget wget     #32位 wget   #64位 wget wget wget #PHP的PDO扩展 wget #Tcmalloc 优化nginx、mysql wget

#---------------------------- 使用cmake编译安装mysql ----------------------------------

#使用Tcmalloc 优化nginx、mysql cd /opt tar -zxvf google-perftools-1.7.tar.gz cd google-perftools-1.7/ ./configure make;make install

echo "/usr/local/lib" > /etc/ld.so.conf.d/usr_local_lib.conf

/sbin/ldconfig cd ../

tar -zxvf cmake-2.8.4.tar.gz

cd cmake-2.8.4 ./bootstrap gmake gmake install cd ../

/usr/sbin/groupadd mysql

/usr/sbin/useradd -g mysql mysql -s /sbin/nologin mkdir -p /data/mysql/data mkdir -p /data/mysql/binlog mkdir -p /data/mysql/relaylog mkdir -p /data/mysql/mysql chown -R mysql:mysql /data/mysql cd /opt tar zxvf mysql-5.5.13.tar.gz cd mysql-5.5.13/ rm -rf CMakeCache.txt cmake -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql \ -DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/data/mysql/mysql.sock \ -DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 \ -DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci \ -DEXTRA_CHARSETS=all \ -DWITH_MYISAM_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \ -DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \ -DWITH_READLINE=1 \ -DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=1 \ -DMYSQL_DATADIR=/data/mysql/data \ -DMYSQL_TCP_PORT=3306 make;make install chmod +w /usr/local/mysql chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql ln -s /usr/local/mysql/lib/libmysqlclient.so.18 /usr/lib/libmysqlclient.so.18

#编辑mysql配置文件

vi /etc/my.cnf

1. [client] 
2. port    = 3306
3. socket  = /data/mysql/mysql.sock 
4.  
5. [mysqld] 
6. character_set_server = utf8
7. collation-server = utf8_general_ci
8. replicate-ignore-db = mysql
9. replicate-ignore-db = test
10. replicate-ignore-db = information_schema
11. user    = mysql
12. port    = 3306
13. socket  = /data/mysql/mysql.sock 
14. basedir = /usr/local/mysql 
15. datadir = /data/mysql/data 
16. log-error = /data/mysql/mysql_error.log 
17. pid-file = /data/mysql/mysql.pid 
18. open_files_limit    = 10240
19. back_log = 600
20. max_connections = 5000
21. max_connect_errors = 6000
22. table_cache = 512
23. external-locking = FALSE
24. max_allowed_packet = 32M
25. sort_buffer_size = 6M
26. join_buffer_size = 8M
27. thread_cache_size = 300
28. thread_concurrency = 8
29. query_cache_size = 512M
30. query_cache_limit = 2M
31. query_cache_min_res_unit = 2k
32. default-storage-engine = MyISAM
33. thread_stack = 256K
34. transaction_isolation = READ-COMMITTED 
35. tmp_table_size = 256M
36. max_heap_table_size = 256M
37. long_query_time = 3
38. log-slave-updates 
39. log-bin = /data/mysql/binlog/binlog 
40. binlog_cache_size = 4M
41. binlog_format = MIXED
42. max_binlog_cache_size = 8M
43. max_binlog_size = 100M
44. relay-log-index = /data/mysql/relaylog/relaylog 
45. relay-log-info-file = /data/mysql/relaylog/relaylog 
46. relay-log = /data/mysql/relaylog/relaylog 
47. expire_logs_days = 30
48. key_buffer_size = 384M
49. read_buffer_size = 4M
50. read_rnd_buffer_size = 16M
51. bulk_insert_buffer_size = 64M
52. myisam_sort_buffer_size = 128M
53. myisam_max_sort_file_size = 10G
54. myisam_repair_threads = 1
55. myisam_recover 
56.  
57. interactive_timeout = 120
58. wait_timeout = 120
59.  
60. skip_external_locking 
61. skip-name-resolve 
62. #master-connect-retry = 10
63. slave-skip-errors = 1032,1062,126,1114,1146,1048,1396 
64.  
65. #master-host     =   192.168.1.2 
66. #master-user     =   username
67. #master-password =   password 
68. #master-port     =  3306
69.  
70. server-id = 1
71.  
72. skip-innodb 
73.  
74. #log-slow-queries = /data/mysql/slow.log 
75. #long_query_time = 10
76.  
77. [mysqldump] 
78. quick 
79. max_allowed_packet = 32M

#初始化mysql

/usr/local/mysql/scripts/mysql_install_db --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/data/mysql/data --user=mysql

#利用TCMalloc提高mysql在高并发下的性能

vi /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe

#在# executing mysqld_safe的下一行，加上：

export LD_PRELOAD=/usr/local/lib/libtcmalloc.so

#使用lsof命令查看tcmalloc是否起效

/usr/sbin/lsof -n | grep tcmalloc

#设置mysql启动文件

cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld vi /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld basedir=/usr/local/mysql datadir=/data/mysql/data

chmod 700 /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld

/etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld start /sbin/chkconfig --add mysqld /sbin/chkconfig --level 2345 mysqld on ln -s /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql /sbin/mysql ln -s /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin /sbin/mysqladmin

#设置root密码（753951）

/sbin/mysqladmin -u root password 753951

#配置库文件搜索路径

echo "/usr/local/mysql/lib/mysql" >> /etc/ld.so.conf /sbin/ldconfig

#添加/usr/local/mysql/bin到环境变量PATH中

export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/mysql/bin

#添加mysql管理帐户

#mysql -h localhost -u root -p753951 #msqyl> use mysql; #msqyl> grant all on *.* to identified by '852741'; #msqyl> flush privileges; #msqyl> exit;

#----------------------------------- 编译安装apache -------------------------------------

/usr/sbin/groupadd www /usr/sbin/useradd -g www www -s /sbin/nologin mkdir -p /data/www/kerry mkdir -p /data/logs/kerry mkdir -p /data/www/king mkdir -p /data/logs/king chown -R www:www /data/www chown -R www:www /data/logs cd /opt tar -zxvf httpd-2.2.19.tar.gz cd httpd-2.2.19 cd srclib/apr  ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apr --enable-threads --enable-other-child --enable-static make;make install cd ../apr-util ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apr-util --with-apr=/usr/local/apr make;make install cd ../../ ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apache \ --enable-deflate \ --enable-headers \ --enable-mime-magic \ --enable-proxy \ --enable-ssl \ --enable-so \ --enable-rewrite \ --enable-suexec \ --with-suexec-bin=/usr/sbin/suexec \ --with-suexec-caller=www \ --with-apr=/usr/local/apr \ --with-apr-util=/usr/local/apr-util \ --with-mpm=prefork \ --with-ssl=/usr make;make install

cp /usr/local/apache/bin/apachectl /etc/init.d/httpd

vi /etc/init.d/httpd #在首行#!/bin/sh下添加 # Startup script for the Apache Web Server # # chkconfig: - 85 15 # description: Apache is a World Wide Web server. It is used to serve \ # HTML files and CGI. # processname: httpd # pidfile: /usr/local/apache/logs/httpd.pid # config: /usr/local/apache/conf/httpd.conf

#修改apache配置文件

cd /usr/local/apache/conf/ mv httpd.conf httpd.conf.bak

vi httpd.conf

1. PidFile logs/httpd.pid 
2. LockFile logs/accept.lock 
3. ServerRoot "/usr/local/apache" 
4. Listen 0.0.0.0:81 
5. User www 
6. Group www 
7. ServerAdmin king_819@163.com 
8. ServerName www.kerry.com 
9.  
10. Timeout 300 
11. KeepAlive Off 
12. MaxKeepAliveRequests 100 
13. KeepAliveTimeout 5 
14. UseCanonicalName Off 
15. AccessFileName .htaccess 
16. TraceEnable Off 
17. ServerTokens ProductOnly 
18. FileETag None 
19. ServerSignature Off 
20. HostnameLookups Off 
21.  
22. # LoadModule perl_module modules/mod_perl.so 
23.  
24. DocumentRoot "/usr/local/apache/htdocs" 
25.  
26. <Directory "/">
27. Options ExecCGI FollowSymLinks Includes IncludesNOEXEC -Indexes -MultiViews SymLinksIfOwnerMatch 
28. Order allow,deny 
29. Allow from all 
30. AllowOverride All 
31. </Directory>
32.  
33. <Directory "/usr/local/apache/htdocs">
34. Options Includes -Indexes FollowSymLinks 
35. AllowOverride None 
36. Order allow,deny 
37. Allow from all 
38. </Directory>
39.  
40. DefaultType text/plain 
41. RewriteEngine on 
42. AddType text/html .shtml 
43. AddHandler cgi-script .cgi .pl .plx .ppl .perl 
44. AddHandler server-parsed .shtml 
45. <IfModule mime_module>
46.  
47.     TypesConfig conf/mime.types 
48.     AddType application/perl .pl .plx .ppl .perl 
49.     AddType application/x-img .img 
50.     AddType application/x-httpd-php .php .php3 .php4 .php5 .php6 
51.     AddType application/x-httpd-php-source .phps 
52.     AddType application/cgi .cgi 
53.     AddType text/x-sql .sql 
54.     AddType text/x-log .log 
55.     AddType text/x-config .cnf conf 
56.     AddType text/x-registry .reg 
57.     AddType application/x-compress .Z 
58.     AddType application/x-gzip .gz .tgz 
59.     AddType text/html .shtml 
60.     AddType application/x-tar .tgz 
61.     AddType application/rar .rar 
62.     AddType application/x-compressed .rar 
63.     AddType application/x-rar .rar 
64.     AddType application/x-rar-compressed .rar 
65.     AddType text/vnd.wap.wml .wml 
66.     AddType p_w_picpath/vnd.wap.wbmp .wbmp 
67.     AddType text/vnd.wap.wmlscript .wmls 
68.     AddType application/vnd.wap.wmlc .wmlc 
69.     AddType application/vnd.wap.wmlscriptc .wmlsc 
70. </IfModule>
71.  
72. <IfModule dir_module>
73. DirectoryIndex index.html index.htm index.shtml index.php 
74. </IfModule>
75.  
76. <Files ~ "^error_log$">
77. Order allow,deny 
78. Deny from all 
79.  
80. Satisfy All 
81. </Files>
82.  
83. <FilesMatch "^\.ht">
84. Order allow,deny 
85. Deny from all 
86. Satisfy All 
87. </FilesMatch>
88.  
89. ErrorLog "logs/error_log" 
90. LogLevel warn 
91.  
92. <IfModule log_config_module>
93. LogFormat "%h %l %u %t \"%r\" %&gt;s %b \"%{Referer}i\" \"%{User-Agent}i\"" combined 
94. LogFormat "%h %l %u %t \"%r\" %&gt;s %b" common 
95.  
96. <IfModule logio_module>
97.  
98. LogFormat "%h %l %u %t \"%r\" %&gt;s %b \"%{Referer}i\" \"%{User-Agent}i\" %I %O" combinedio 
99. </IfModule>
100. CustomLog "logs/access_log" common 
101. </IfModule>
102.  
103. <IfModule alias_module>
104. ScriptAlias /cgi-bin/ "/usr/local/apache/cgi-bin/" 
105. </IfModule>
106.  
107. <Directory "/usr/local/apache/cgi-bin">
108. AllowOverride None 
109. Options None 
110. Order allow,deny 
111. Allow from all 
112. </Directory>
113.  
114. <IfModule mpm_prefork_module>
115. StartServers          3 
116. MinSpareServers       3 
117. MaxSpareServers       5 
118. MaxClients          150 
119. MaxRequestsPerChild   1024 
120. </IfModule>
121.  
122. <IfModule mod_headers.c>
123. <FilesMatch "\.(html|htm|shtml)$">
124.  
125. Header set Cache-Control "max-age=3600, must-revalidate" 
126. </FilesMatch>
127. </IfModule>
128.  
129. ReadmeName README.html 
130. HeaderName HEADER.html 
131.  
132. IndexIgnore .??* *~ *# HEADER* README* RCS CVS *,v *,t 
133.  
134. Include conf/extra/httpd-languages.conf 
135.  
136. <Location /server-status>
137. SetHandler server-status 
138. Order deny,allow 
139. Deny from all 
140. Allow from 127.0.0.1 
141. </Location>
142. ExtendedStatus On 
143.  
144. <Location /server-info>
145. SetHandler server-info 
146. Order deny,allow 
147. Deny from all 
148. Allow from 127.0.0.1 
149.  
150. </Location>
151.  
152. <IfModule ssl_module>
153. Listen 0.0.0.0:443 
154. AddType application/x-x509-ca-cert .crt 
155. AddType application/x-pkcs7-crl .crl 
156. SSLCipherSuite ALL:!ADH:+HIGH:+MEDIUM:-LOW:-SSLv2:-EXP 
157. SSLPassPhraseDialog  builtin 
158. SSLSessionCache         dbm:/usr/local/apache/logs/ssl_scache 
159. SSLSessionCacheTimeout  300 
160. SSLMutex  file:/usr/local/apache/logs/ssl_mutex 
161. SSLRandomSeed startup builtin 
162. SSLRandomSeed connect builtin 
163. </IfModule>
164.  
165. #Vhosts 
166. NameVirtualHost 127.0.0.1:81 
167.  
168. <VirtualHost 127.0.0.1:81>
169.     ServerAdmin king_819@163.com 
170.     DocumentRoot /data/www/kerry 
171.     ServerName www.kerry.com 
172.     ErrorLog logs/kerry-error_log 
173.     CustomLog "|/usr/local/apache/bin/rotatelogs /data/logs/kerry/%y_%m_%d.access_log 86400" common 
174. </VirtualHost>
175. <VirtualHost 127.0.0.1:81>
176.     ServerAdmin king_819@163.com 
177.     DocumentRoot /data/www/king 
178.     ServerName www.king.com 
179.     ErrorLog logs/king-error_log 
180.     CustomLog "|/usr/local/apache/bin/rotatelogs /data/logs/king/%y_%m_%d.access_log 86400" common 
181. </VirtualHost>
182.  

chmod 700 /etc/init.d/httpd

/etc/init.d/httpd start /sbin/chkconfig --add httpd /sbin/chkconfig --level 2345 httpd on

#-------------------------------------  编译安装PHP -------------------------------------

#编译安装相关支持库 cd /opt tar -zxvf libiconv-1.13.1.tar.gz cd libiconv-1.13.1/ ./configure make;make install

cd /opt

tar -jxvf libmcrypt-2.5.8.tar.bz2 cd libmcrypt-2.5.8/ ./configure make;make install /sbin/ldconfig

cd libltdl/

./configure --enable-ltdl-install make;make install

cd /opt

tar -jxvf mhash-0.9.9.9.tar.bz2 cd mhash-0.9.9.9/ ./configure make;make install ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmcrypt.la /usr/lib/libmcrypt.la ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmcrypt.so /usr/lib/libmcrypt.so ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmcrypt.so.4 /usr/lib/libmcrypt.so.4 ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmcrypt.so.4.4.8 /usr/lib/libmcrypt.so.4.4.8 ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.a /usr/lib/libmhash.a ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.la /usr/lib/libmhash.la ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.so /usr/lib/libmhash.so ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.so.2 /usr/lib/libmhash.so.2 ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.so.2.0.1 /usr/lib/libmhash.so.2.0.1

cd /opt

tar -zxvf mcrypt-2.6.8.tar.gz cd mcrypt-2.6.8/ /sbin/ldconfig ./configure make;make install

#编译php,这里我们为php打入补丁.有助于防止邮件发送被滥用(多用户)以及在邮件中提供有价值的信息.补丁介绍信息请点击:http://www.lancs.ac.uk/~steveb/patches/php-mail-header-patch/

cd /opt

tar -jxvf php-5.2.17.tar.gz patch -d php-5.2.17 -p1 < php5-mail-header.patch cd php-5.2.17 ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php \ --with-config-file-path=/usr/local/php/etc \ --with-apxs2=/usr/local/apache/bin/apxs \ --with-mysql=/usr/local/mysql \ --with-mysqli=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_config \ --with-iconv-dir=/usr/local \ --with-freetype-dir \ --with-jpeg-dir \ --with-png-dir \ --with-zlib \ --with-libxml-dir=/usr \ --enable-xml \ --disable-rpath \ --enable-discard-path \ --enable-safe-mode \ --enable-bcmath \ --enable-shmop \ --enable-sysvsem \ --enable-inline-optimization \ --with-curl \ --with-curlwrappers \ --enable-mbregex \ --enable-force-cgi-redirect \ --enable-mbstring \ --with-mcrypt \ --with-gd \ --enable-gd-native-ttf \ --with-openssl \ --with-mhash \ --enable-pcntl \ --enable-sockets \ --with-ldap \ --with-ldap-sasl \ --with-xmlrpc \ -enable-zip \ --enable-soap

make ZEND_EXTRA_LIBS='-liconv'

make install cp php.ini-dist /usr/local/php/etc/php.ini

#安装php扩展模块

cd /opt tar -zxvf memcache-2.2.6.tgz cd memcache-2.2.6/ /usr/local/php/bin/phpize ./configure --with-php-config=/usr/local/php/bin/php-config --with-zlib-dir --enable-memcache make;make install

cd /opt

tar -jxvf eaccelerator-0.9.6.1.tar.bz2 cd eaccelerator-0.9.6.1/ /usr/local/php/bin/phpize ./configure --enable-eaccelerator=shared --with-php-config=/usr/local/php/bin/php-config make;make install

cd /opt

tar -zxvf PDO_MYSQL-1.0.2.tgz cd PDO_MYSQL-1.0.2/ /usr/local/php/bin/phpize ./configure --with-php-config=/usr/local/php/bin/php-config --with-pdo-mysql=/usr/local/mysql make;make install

cd /opt

tar -jxvf ImageMagick.tar.bz2 cd ImageMagick-6.6.9-8 ./configure make;make install

cd /opt

tar -zxf imagick-3.0.1.tgz cd imagick-3.0.1/ /usr/local/php/bin/phpize ./configure --with-php-config=/usr/local/php/bin/php-config make;make install

cd /opt

tar -zxf suhosin-0.9.32.1.tgz cd suhosin-0.9.32.1 /usr/local/php/bin/phpize ./configure --with-php-config=/usr/local/php/bin/php-config make;make install

cd /opt

tar -jxf ioncube_loaders_lin_x86.tar.bz2 cd ioncube mkdir /usr/local/ioncube mv ioncube_loader_lin_5.2.so /usr/local/ioncube/

cd /opt

tar -zxf ZendOptimizer-3.3.9-linux-glibc23-i386.tar.gz mkdir -p /usr/local/Zend/lib/Optimizer-3.3.9/php-5.2.17 cp ZendOptimizer-3.3.9-linux-glibc23-i386/data/5_2_x_comp/ZendOptimizer.so /usr/local/Zend/lib/Optimizer-3.3.9/php-5.2.17/ZendOptimizer.so

#修改php.ini.

sed -i 's#extension_dir = "./"#extension_dir = "/usr/local/php/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20060613/"\nextension = "memcache.so"\nextension = "pdo_mysql.so"\nextension = "suhosin.so"\nextension = "imagick.so"\n#' /usr/local/php/etc/php.ini sed -i 's#output_buffering = Off#output_buffering = On#' /usr/local/php/etc/php.ini sed -i "s#; always_populate_raw_post_data = On#always_populate_raw_post_data = On#g" /usr/local/php/etc/php.ini sed -i "s#; cgi.fix_pathinfo=0#cgi.fix_pathinfo=0#g" /usr/local/php/etc/php.ini

#配置eAccelerator加速PHP

mkdir -p /data/eaccelerator_cache chmod -R 777 /data/eaccelerator_cache cat >&gt;/usr/local/php/etc/php.ini<&lt;EOF [eaccelerator] zend_extension = "/usr/local/ioncube/ioncube_loader_lin_5.2.so" zend_extension = "/usr/local/Zend/lib/Optimizer-3.3.9/php-5.2.17/ZendOptimizer.so" zend_extension="/usr/local/php/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20060613/eaccelerator.so" eaccelerator.shm_size="64" eaccelerator.cache_dir="/data/eaccelerator_cache" eaccelerator.enable="1" eaccelerator.optimizer="1" eaccelerator.check_mtime="1" eaccelerator.debug="0" eaccelerator.filter="" eaccelerator.shm_max="0" eaccelerator.shm_ttl="3600" eaccelerator.shm_prune_period="3600" eaccelerator.shm_only="0" eaccelerator.compress="1" eaccelerator.compress_level="9" eaccelerator.keys = shm eaccelerator.sessions = shm eaccelerator.content = shm EOF

#安装Memcached(可选)

cd /opt tar -xzf libevent-2.0.11-stable.tar.gz cd libevent-2.0.11-stable ./configure make;make install ln -s /usr/local/lib/libevent-1.4.so.2 /usr/lib

cd /opt

tar -xzf memcached-1.4.5.tar.gz cd memcached-1.4.5 ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/memcached --with-libevent=/usr make;make install

#基本使用方法:

启动: /usr/local/memcached/bin/memcached -d -m 64 -p 11211 -u www -l localhost 关闭: killall -9 memcached

#---------------------------------- 安装配置nginx ----------------------------------------

#安装pcre /opt tar -jxvf pcre-8.12.tar.gz cd pcre-8.12/ ./configure make;make install

#安装nginx

cd /opt tar -zxvf nginx-1.0.4.tar.gz cd nginx-1.0.4/ ./configure --user=www --group=www --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_ssl_module --with-http_flv_module --with-http_gzip_static_module --with-google_perftools_module make;make install cd ../

#添加nginx启动脚本

vi /etc/init.d/nginx

1. #! /bin/sh 
2. ulimit -n 65535 
3. # Description: Startup script for nginx 
4. # chkconfig: 2345 55 25 
5.  
6. PATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin 
7. DESC="nginx daemon"
8. NAME=nginx
9. DAEMON=/usr/local/nginx/sbin/$NAME 
10. CONFIGFILE=/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf 
11. PIDFILE=/usr/local/nginx/logs/$NAME.pid 
12. SCRIPTNAME=/etc/init.d/$NAME 
13.  
14. set -e 
15. [ -x "$DAEMON" ] || exit 0 
16.  
17. do_start() { 
18. $DAEMON -c $CONFIGFILE || echo -n "nginx already running" 
19. } 
20.  
21. do_stop() { 
22. kill -QUIT `cat $PIDFILE` || echo -n "nginx not running" 
23. } 
24.  
25. do_reload() { 
26. kill -HUP `cat $PIDFILE` || echo -n "nginx can't reload" 
27. } 
28.  
29. case "$1" in 
30. start) 
31. echo -n "Starting $DESC: $NAME" 
32. do_start 
33. echo "." 
34. /etc/init.d/httpd start 
35. ;; 
36. stop) 
37. echo -n "Stopping $DESC: $NAME" 
38. do_stop 
39. echo "." 
40. /etc/init.d/httpd stop 
41. ;; 
42. reload) 
43. echo -n "Reloading $DESC configuration..." 
44. do_reload 
45. echo "." 
46. /etc/init.d/httpd restart 
47. ;; 
48. restart) 
49. echo -n "Restarting $DESC: $NAME" 
50. do_stop 
51. sleep 1 
52. do_start 
53. echo "." 
54. /etc/init.d/httpd restart 
55. ;; 
56. *) 
57. echo "Usage: $SCRIPTNAME {start|stop|reload|restart}" >&2 
58. exit 3 
59. ;; 
60. esac 
61.  
62. exit 0 
63.  

#添加nginx配置文件

mv /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf.bak vi /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf

1. user  www www;    
2. worker_processes 8;  
3. error_log  /usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx_error.log  crit;  
4. pid        /usr/local/nginx/nginx.pid;  
5. #使用Tcmalloc优化nginx性能 
6. google_perftools_profiles /var/tmp/tcmalloc; 
7. #Specifies the value for maximum file descriptors that can be opened by this process.  
8. worker_rlimit_nofile 65535;  
9. #工作模式及连接数上限  
10. events  
11. {   
12.     use epoll;   
13.     worker_connections 65535;  
14. }  
15. #设定http服务器，利用它的反向代理功能提供负载均衡支持  
16. http  
17. {    
18.   #设定mime类型    
19.   include       mime.types;    
20.   default_type  application/octet-stream;      
21.   #charset  gb2312;   
22.   #设定请求缓冲       
23.   server_names_hash_bucket_size 128;    
24.   client_header_buffer_size 32k;   
25.   large_client_header_buffers 4 32k;   
26.   client_max_body_size 30m;  
27.   sendfile on;   
28.   tcp_nopush     on;    
29.   keepalive_timeout 60;  
30.   tcp_nodelay on;  
31.   server_tokens off; 
32.   client_body_buffer_size 512k;  
33.   proxy_connect_timeout   5;  
34.   proxy_send_timeout      60;  
35.   proxy_read_timeout      5;  
36.   proxy_buffer_size       16k;  
37.   proxy_buffers           4 64k;  
38.   proxy_busy_buffers_size 128k;  
39.   proxy_temp_file_write_size 128k;  
40.   #  fastcgi_connect_timeout 300;  
41.   #  fastcgi_send_timeout 300;  
42.   #  fastcgi_read_timeout 300;  
43.   #  fastcgi_buffer_size 64k;  
44.   #  fastcgi_buffers 4 64k;  
45.   #  fastcgi_busy_buffers_size 128k;  
46.   #  fastcgi_temp_file_write_size 128k;    
47.   gzip on;  
48.   gzip_min_length  1k;  
49.   gzip_buffers     4 16k;  
50.   gzip_http_version 1.1;  
51.   gzip_comp_level 2;  
52.   gzip_types       text/plain application/x-javascript text/css application/xml;  
53.   gzip_vary on;  
54.    
55.   #limit_zone  crawler  $binary_remote_addr  10m;  
56.  
57.   ###禁止通过ip访问站点   
58.    server{          
59.     server_name _;          
60.     return 404;          
61.   }   
62.   server 
63.   {      
64.     listen       80;     
65.     server_name  www.kerry.com;     
66.     index index.html index.htm index.php;#设定访问的默认首页地址      
67.     root  /data/www/kerry;#设定网站的资源存放路径       
68.     #limit_conn   crawler  20;   
69.     if (-d $request_filename) 
70.     { 
71.         rewrite ^/(.*)([^/])$ http://$host/$1$2/ permanent; 
72.     } 
73.     #所有php的页面均交由apache处理 
74.     location ~ \.(php)?$ { 
75.         proxy_set_header  Host $host;   
76.         proxy_set_header  X-Real-IP  $remote_addr; 
77.         proxy_set_header   X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for; 
78.         proxy_pass ;#转向apache处理        
79.     }             
80.     location ~ .*\.(htm|html|gif|jpg|jpeg|png|bmp|swf|ioc|rar|zip|txt|flv|mid|doc|ppt|pdf|xls|mp3|wma)$ #设定访问静态文件直接读取不经过apache      
81.     {        
82.         expires      30d;      
83.     }       
84.     location ~ .*\.(js|css)?$      
85.     {        
86.         expires      1h;      
87.     }       
88.   
89.     #定义访问日志的写入格式       
90.     log_format  wwwlog  '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '               
91.         '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '              
92.         '"$http_user_agent" $http_x_forwarded_for';     
93.     access_log  /data/logs/kerry/kerry_nginx.log wwwlog;#设定访问日志的存放路径   
94.    }  
95.   server 
96.   {      
97.     listen       80;     
98.     server_name  www.king.com;     
99.     index index.html index.htm index.php;#设定访问的默认首页地址      
100.     root  /data/www/king;#设定网站的资源存放路径       
101.     #limit_conn   crawler  20;   
102.     if (-d $request_filename) 
103.     { 
104.         rewrite ^/(.*)([^/])$ http://$host/$1$2/ permanent; 
105.     } 
106.     #所有php的页面均交由apache处理 
107.     location ~ \.(php)?$ {        
108.         proxy_set_header  Host $host;   
109.                 proxy_set_header  X-Real-IP  $remote_addr; 
110.         proxy_set_header   X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for; 
111.         proxy_pass ;#转向apache处理        
112.     }             
113.     location ~ .*\.(htm|html|gif|jpg|jpeg|png|bmp|swf|ioc|rar|zip|txt|flv|mid|doc|ppt|pdf|xls|mp3|wma)$ #设定访问静态文件直接读取不经过apache      
114.     {        
115.         expires      30d;      
116.     }       
117.     location ~ .*\.(js|css)?$      
118.     {        
119.         expires      1h;      
120.     }       
121.   
122.     #定义访问日志的写入格式       
123.     log_format  bbslog  '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '               
124.         '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '              
125.         '"$http_user_agent" $http_x_forwarded_for';     
126.     access_log  /data/logs/king/king_nginx.log bbslog;#设定访问日志的存放路径   
127.    }  
128.    server 
129.    { 
130.     listen  80; 
131.     server_name  status.www.kerry.com; 
132.     location / { 
133.     stub_status on; 
134.     access_log   off; 
135.     } 
136.    } 
137. } 

#将nginx添加到启动服务中

chmod 700 /etc/init.d/nginx /etc/init.d/nginx start /sbin/chkconfig --add nginx /sbin/chkconfig --level 2345 nginx on

#每天定时切割Nginx日志

vi /usr/local/nginx/sbin/cut_nginx_log.sh

1. #!/bin/bash 
2. # This script run at 00:00 
3. # The Nginx logs path 
4. logs_path_kerry="/data/logs/kerry/"
5. logs_path_kerry="/data/logs/king/"
6. mv ${logs_path_kerry}kerry_nginx.log ${logs_path_kerry}$kerry_nginx_$(date -d "yesterday" +"%Y%m%d").log 
7. mv ${logs_path_king}king_nginx.log ${logs_path_king}king_nginx_$(date -d "yesterday" +"%Y%m%d").log 
8. kill -USR1 `cat /usr/local/nginx/nginx.pid`

chmod +x /usr/local/nginx/sbin/cut_nginx_log.sh

#添加计划任务，每天凌晨00:00切割nginx访问日志 crontab -e 00 00 * * * /bin/bash  /usr/local/nginx/sbin/cut_nginx_log.sh

#为apache安装rpaf模块,该模块用于apache做后端时获取访客真实的IP

#使用apxs安装模块.这里要使用此前apache编译安装后的apxs cd /opt tar -zxf mod_rpaf-0.6.tar.gz cd mod_rpaf-0.6 /usr/local/apache/bin/apxs -i -c -n mod_rpaf-2.0.so mod_rpaf-2.0.c

#编辑/usr/local/apache/conf/httpd.conf,添加模块参数,查找LoadModule php5_module modules/libphp5.so,在下方添加:

LoadModule rpaf_module modules/mod_rpaf-2.0.so

#Mod_rpaf settings RPAFenable On #上面出现的192.168.9.9请修改为你本机所监听web服务的ip.多个IP用空格空开 RPAFproxy_ips 127.0.0.1 192.168.9.9 RPAFsethostname On RPAFheader X-Forwarded-For